Acid Bases And Salts Class 10 Icse Pdf Download: A Complete Guide
Acid Bases And Salts Class 10 Icse Pdf Download: A Complete Guide
Acids, bases and salts are important topics in chemistry that you need to master for your ICSE Class 10 exam. In this article, you will learn about the definitions, properties, reactions and uses of acids, bases and salts. You will also find a link to download a free PDF of Selina Concise Chemistry Solution for Class 10 Chapter 3 Acids, Bases and Salts, which contains detailed answers to all the questions in the textbook.
Acid Bases And Salts Class 10 Icse Pdf Download
What are Acids, Bases and Salts?
Acids are substances that produce hydrogen ions (H+) or hydronium ions (H3O+) when dissolved in water. They have a sour taste and turn blue litmus paper red. Some common examples of acids are hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and acetic acid (CH3COOH).
Bases are substances that produce hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water. They have a bitter taste and turn red litmus paper blue. Some common examples of bases are sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2).
Salts are compounds formed by the neutralization of acids and bases. They have a neutral or slightly salty taste and do not affect litmus paper. Some common examples of salts are sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium nitrate (KNO3) and copper sulphate (CuSO4).
What are the Properties of Acids, Bases and Salts?
Acids, bases and salts have different physical and chemical properties that can be used to identify them. Some of these properties are:
pH: pH is a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is. It ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Acids have pH values less than 7, bases have pH values more than 7 and salts have pH values close to 7.
Conductivity: Conductivity is a measure of how well a solution can conduct electricity. Acids, bases and salts are electrolytes, which means they can conduct electricity when dissolved in water. The conductivity depends on the concentration and type of ions present in the solution.
Reaction with metals: Acids react with active metals such as zinc, magnesium and iron to produce hydrogen gas and salt. For example: Zn + 2HCl â ZnCl2 + H2. Bases do not react with metals, except for some amphoteric metals such as aluminium and zinc that can act as both acids and bases. Salts do not react with metals.
Reaction with carbonates and bicarbonates: Acids react with carbonates and bicarbonates to produce carbon dioxide gas, water and salt. For example: HCl + NaHCO3 â NaCl + H2O + CO2. Bases do not react with carbonates and bicarbonates. Salts may or may not react with carbonates and bicarbonates depending on their solubility.
Reaction with indicators: Indicators are substances that change colour depending on the acidity or basicity of a solution. Some common indicators are litmus paper, phenolphthalein and methyl orange. Acids turn blue litmus paper red, phenolphthalein colourless and methyl orange red. Bases turn red litmus paper blue, phenolphthalein pink and methyl orange yellow. Salts do not affect indicators.
What are the Uses of Acids, Bases and Salts?
Acids, bases and salts have many applications in various fields such as agriculture, industry, medicine and household. Some of these uses are:
Agriculture: Acids such as nitric acid and sulphuric acid are used to make fertilizers that provide essential nutrients to plants. Bases such as lime (CaO) and slaked lime (Ca(OH) 0efd9a6b88
https://www.fatboyp.com/group/mysite-200-group/discussion/4ba860e0-bb8a-4691-a578-15619e24c2e9
https://www.eifel-power.com/group/mysite-200-group/discussion/205a742e-5a7a-44f3-96f1-814a0f5c9b81